| Introduction to Selenium |
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| Introduction to Automation Testing |
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| Selenium WebDriver Basics |
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| Understanding WebDriver |
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| First Selenium Script |
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| Locating Web Elements |
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| WebDriver Commands |
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| Advanced Web Element Interaction |
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| Synchronization in Selenium |
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| Implicit Wait |
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| Fluent Wait |
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| Working with Different Browsers |
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| Setting up WebDriver for different browsers |
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| Cross-Browser Testing |
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| Handling Advanced User Interactions |
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| Mouse Actions |
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| Keyboard Actions |
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| Page Object Model (POM) |
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| Introduction to POM |
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| Implementing POM |
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| TestNG Framework |
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| Introduction to TestNG |
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| Creating and Running TestNG Tests |
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Selenium is a powerful tool for automating web browsers through programs and performing browser tasks. It is widely used for testing web applications. Below, Here is provide an example of a simple Selenium script in Java and explain the output.
Example Script
1. Setup:
Ensure you have the following dependencies in your ‘
pom.xml‘ if you are using Maven:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
<artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>
<version>4.4.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
<artifactId>selenium-chrome-driver</artifactId>
<version>4.4.0</version>
</dependency>
2. Java Code:
Here is a simple Selenium script that opens a browser, navigates to a webpage, and prints the page title:
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
public class SeleniumExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Set the path to the chromedriver executable
System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "/path/to/chromedriver");
// Initialize the Chrome driver
WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
// Navigate to a web page
driver.get("https://www.example.com");
// Get the title of the page
String title = driver.getTitle();
System.out.println("Page title is: " + title);
// Find an element on the page
WebElement exampleElement = driver.findElement(By.id("exampleId"));
// Perform actions on the element (e.g., click, send keys)
exampleElement.click();
// Close the browser
driver.quit();
}
}
Understanding the Output
1. Launching Browser:
When you run the script, it will launch a Chrome browser window. This is done through the
WebDriver interface and the ChromeDriver implementation.2. Navigating to a Web Page:
The line ‘
driver.get("https://www.example.com");‘ instructs the browser to navigate to “https://www.example.com“.3. Printing the Page Title:
The line ‘
String title = driver.getTitle();‘ retrieves the title of the webpage, which is then printed to the console with ‘System.out.println("Page title is: " + title);‘. The output in the console will be something like:
Page title is: Example Domain
4. Interacting with Web Elements:
The script attempts to find an element by its ID ‘
exampleId with driver.findElement(By.id("exampleId"));‘. If such an element is found, actions like click() can be performed on it. If the element is not found, an exception will be thrown.5. Closing the Browser:
Finally, ‘
driver.quit();‘ closes the browser window and ends the WebDriver session.Notes
- Path to
chromedriver: Ensure the path tochromedriveris correctly set inSystem.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "/path/to/chromedriver");. - Exception Handling: It is good practice to include exception handling to manage scenarios where elements are not found or other errors occur.
- WebDriver Waits: For dynamic web pages, you might need to include waits (implicit or explicit) to ensure elements are loaded before interacting with them.
