| Introduction to Selenium |
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| Introduction to Automation Testing |
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| Selenium WebDriver Basics |
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| Understanding WebDriver |
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| First Selenium Script |
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| Locating Web Elements |
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| WebDriver Commands |
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| Advanced Web Element Interaction |
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| Synchronization in Selenium |
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| Implicit Wait |
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| Fluent Wait |
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| Working with Different Browsers |
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| Setting up WebDriver for different browsers |
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| Cross-Browser Testing |
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| Handling Advanced User Interactions |
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| Mouse Actions |
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| Keyboard Actions |
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| Page Object Model (POM) |
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| Introduction to POM |
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| Implementing POM |
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| TestNG Framework |
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| Introduction to TestNG |
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| Creating and Running TestNG Tests |
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In Selenium for Java, the By class is used to locate elements on a web page. One common way to find elements is by their HTML id attribute. Here’s a detailed description of how to use locators by ID in Selenium Java:
Importing Selenium Classes
First, ensure you have imported the necessary Selenium classes:
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
Setting Up WebDriver
Set up the WebDriver to use your preferred browser (in this example, Chrome):
System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "path/to/chromedriver");
WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
Navigating to a Web Page
Navigate to the desired web page:
driver.get("https://example.com");
Locating an Element by ID
To locate an element by its ‘id‘ attribute, you use the ‘By.id‘ method. Here’s how:
WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.id("elementId"));
Where ‘"elementId"‘ is the value of the ‘id‘ attribute of the HTML element you want to locate.
Example Usage
Here’s a complete example that demonstrates how to locate an element by ID and interact with it. Assume there’s an input field with the ID ‘username‘:
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
public class SeleniumExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Set the path to the chromedriver executable
System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "path/to/chromedriver");
// Create a new instance of the Chrome driver
WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
try {
// Navigate to a website
driver.get("https://example.com");
// Locate the element by ID
WebElement usernameField = driver.findElement(By.id("username"));
// Interact with the element
usernameField.sendKeys("myUsername");
// Perform other actions as needed
} finally {
// Close the browser
driver.quit();
}
}
}
Explanation
- Setting up WebDriver: The ‘
System.setProperty‘ line sets the path to the WebDriver executable. Replace ‘"path/to/chromedriver"‘ with the actual path on your system. - Creating a WebDriver instance: A new instance of the Chrome driver is created.
- Navigating to a webpage: The ‘
driver.get‘ method navigates to the specified URL. - Locating an element by ID: The ‘
driver.findElement(By.id("username"))‘ method locates the input field with the ID ‘username‘. - Interacting with the element: The ‘
sendKeys‘ method is used to enter text into the input field. - Closing the browser: The ‘
driver.quit‘ method closes the browser after the actions are performed.
