| Introduction to Selenium |
|---|
| Introduction to Automation Testing |
|---|
| Selenium WebDriver Basics |
|---|
| Understanding WebDriver |
|---|
| First Selenium Script |
|---|
| Locating Web Elements |
|---|
| WebDriver Commands |
|---|
| Advanced Web Element Interaction |
|---|
| Synchronization in Selenium |
|---|
| Implicit Wait |
|---|
| Fluent Wait |
|---|
| Working with Different Browsers |
|---|
| Setting up WebDriver for different browsers |
|---|
| Cross-Browser Testing |
|---|
| Handling Advanced User Interactions |
|---|
| Mouse Actions |
|---|
| Keyboard Actions |
|---|
| Page Object Model (POM) |
|---|
| Introduction to POM |
|---|
| Implementing POM |
|---|
| TestNG Framework |
|---|
| Introduction to TestNG |
|---|
| Creating and Running TestNG Tests |
|---|
Fluent wait in Selenium is a type of wait that allows you to define the maximum amount of time to wait for a condition to be met, as well as the frequency with which to check the condition before throwing an exception if the condition is not met. This type of wait is useful when the condition to be met might take varying amounts of time to be fulfilled
Key Features of Fluent Wait
- Polling Interval: The frequency with which the condition is checked.
- Timeout: The maximum amount of time to wait for the condition.
- Ignoring Exceptions: The ability to ignore specific types of exceptions while waiting for the condition.
Implementation
In Java, you use the ‘FluentWait‘ class to implement a fluent wait. Here’s a detailed example:
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.FluentWait;
import java.time.Duration;
import java.util.NoSuchElementException;
import java.util.function.Function;
public class FluentWaitExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Setup the Chrome driver
System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "path/to/chromedriver");
WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
try {
// Navigate to the website
driver.get("https://www.example.com");
// Define Fluent Wait
FluentWait<WebDriver> wait = new FluentWait<>(driver)
.withTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(30)) // Max wait time
.pollingEvery(Duration.ofSeconds(5)) // Check interval
.ignoring(NoSuchElementException.class); // Ignore specific exceptions
// Define the condition to wait for
WebElement element = wait.until(new Function<WebDriver, WebElement>() {
public WebElement apply(WebDriver driver) {
return driver.findElement(By.id("someElementId"));
}
});
// Perform actions on the element
element.click();
} finally {
// Close the driver
driver.quit();
}
}
}
Explanation
- Setup the Chrome driver: This step involves setting the path to the ChromeDriver executable.
- Navigate to the website: The
getmethod is used to open the specified URL. - Define Fluent Wait:
- ‘
withTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(30))‘: The maximum time to wait for the condition. - ‘
pollingEvery(Duration.ofSeconds(5))‘: The interval between each check. - ‘
ignoring(NoSuchElementException.class)‘: Ignore ‘NoSuchElementException‘ while waiting.
- ‘
- Define the condition: The ‘
until‘ method takes a function that returns the WebElement once it is found. This function is called repeatedly at the specified interval until the element is found or the timeout is reached. - Perform actions on the element: Once the element is found, you can perform actions on it, such as clicking.
- Close the driver: The ‘
quit‘ method is used to close the browser.
Advantages of Fluent Wait
- Customizable Polling Interval: You can set how frequently Selenium checks for the condition.
- Exception Handling: You can specify which exceptions to ignore during the wait.
- Flexibility: Fluent Wait provides more control over the waiting process compared to other types of waits like implicit or explicit waits.
Fluent wait is especially useful in scenarios where elements may appear at unpredictable times or when dealing with dynamic content that may take varying amounts of time to load.
