| Types java app |
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| Data Types and Operators |
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| (Primitive Data Types) |
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| (Non-Primitive Data Types) |
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| Control Flow Statements |
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| Conditional Statements |
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| Looping Statements |
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| Branching Statements |
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| Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) |
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| Classes and Objects |
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| Inheritance |
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| Polymorphism |
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| Encapsulation |
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| Abstraction |
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| Exception Handling |
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| Introduction to Exceptions |
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| Collections Framework |
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| Overview of Collections |
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| Commonly Used Collections |
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| Iterators |
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| Java I/O |
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| File Handling |
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| Serialization |
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| Multithreading |
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| Introduction to Threads |
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| Thread Synchronization |
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| GUI Programming with Swing |
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| Introduction to Swing |
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| Event Handling |
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| Advanced Topics |
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| Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) |
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| JAVA CODE |
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Java Basics
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Working with Objects
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Arrays, Conditionals, and Loops
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Creating Classes and Applications in Java
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More About Methods
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Java Applet Basics
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Graphics, Fonts, and Color
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Simple Animation and Threads
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More Animation, Images, and Sound
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Managing Simple Events and Interactivity
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Creating User Interfaces with the awt
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Windows, Networking, and Other Tidbits
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Modifiers, Access Control, and Class Design
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Packages and Interfaces
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Exceptions
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Multithreading
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Streams and I/O
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Using Native Methods and Libraries
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Under the Hood
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Java Programming Tools
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Working with Data Structures in Java
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Advanced Animation and Media
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Fun with Image Filters
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Client/Server Networking in Java
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Emerging Technologies
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appendix A :- Language Summary
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appendix B :- Class Hierarchy Diagrams
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appendix C The Java Class Library
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appendix D Bytecodes Reference
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appendix E java.applet Package Reference
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appendix F java.awt Package Reference
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appendix G java.awt.image Package Reference
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appendix H java.awt.peer Package Reference
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appendix I java.io Package Reference
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appendix J java.lang Package Reference
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appendix K java.net Package Reference
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appendix L java.util Package Reference
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Swing is a part of Java Foundation Classes (JFC) and is used to create window-based applications. Swing provides a rich set of components for building graphical user interfaces (GUIs) and adds interactivity to Java applications. Unlike AWT (Abstract Window Toolkit), Swing components are lightweight and platform-independent, meaning they are written entirely in Java and do not rely on native GUI components.
Basics of Swing Components
- JFrame: This is the main window container. It’s where other Swing components are added.
- JPanel: A generic container that can store a group of components. It is often used to organize the layout.
- JButton: A button component that triggers an action when clicked.
- JLabel: A display area for a short text string or an image.
- JTextField: A single-line text field that allows the user to input text.
- JTextArea: A multi-line text area to display/edit text.
- JCheckBox: A box that can be checked or unchecked.
- JRadioButton: A radio button that can be selected or deselected.
- JComboBox: A drop-down list that allows the user to choose from a set of options.
- JList: A component that displays a list of items for selection.
Example: Simple Swing Application
Let’s create a simple Swing application that includes a few basic components: a ‘JFrame‘, ‘JPanel‘, ‘JButton‘, ‘JLabel‘, and ‘JTextField‘.
Step 1: Import Required Packages
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.FlowLayout;
Step 2: Create the Main Class
public class SwingExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Create a new JFrame container
JFrame frame = new JFrame("Swing Example");
// Set the initial size of the frame
frame.setSize(400, 200);
// Specify an action for the close button
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
// Create a JPanel to hold components
JPanel panel = new JPanel();
panel.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
// Create a JLabel
JLabel label = new JLabel("Enter your name:");
// Create a JTextField
JTextField textField = new JTextField(20);
// Create a JButton
JButton button = new JButton("Submit");
// Add ActionListener to the button
button.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
// Get the text from the text field
String name = textField.getText();
// Display a message dialog with the entered name
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(frame, "Hello, " + name + "!");
}
});
// Add components to the panel
panel.add(label);
panel.add(textField);
panel.add(button);
// Add the panel to the frame
frame.add(panel);
// Make the frame visible
frame.setVisible(true);
}
}
Explanation
JFrame: This is the main window of our application. We create a
JFrameobject and set its size and default close operation. ThesetDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE)method ensures that the application exits when the frame is closed.JPanel: This is a container that holds and organizes other components. We set its layout to
FlowLayout, which arranges components in a left-to-right flow, much like lines of text in a paragraph.JLabel: A simple text label that prompts the user to enter their name.
JTextField: A single-line text input field where the user can enter their name. We set its width to 20 columns.
JButton: A button labeled “Submit”. When clicked, it triggers an action defined in its
ActionListener.ActionListener: An interface used to receive action events. We implement it using an anonymous class. When the button is clicked, the
actionPerformed()method is called, which retrieves the text from theJTextFieldand displays it in a message dialog usingJOptionPane.Adding Components: We add the
JLabel,JTextField, andJButtonto theJPanel, and then add theJPanelto theJFrame.Visibility: Finally, we set the frame’s visibility to true, which makes the window appear on the screen.
Additional Components
JCheckBox and JRadioButton
// Create JCheckBox
JCheckBox checkBox = new JCheckBox("I agree");
// Create JRadioButton
JRadioButton radioButton1 = new JRadioButton("Option 1");
JRadioButton radioButton2 = new JRadioButton("Option 2");
// Group radio buttons
ButtonGroup group = new ButtonGroup();
group.add(radioButton1);
group.add(radioButton2);
// Add to panel
panel.add(checkBox);
panel.add(radioButton1);
panel.add(radioButton2);
JComboBox and JList
// Create JComboBox
String[] choices = {"Choice 1", "Choice 2", "Choice 3"};
JComboBox<String> comboBox = new JComboBox<>(choices);
// Create JList
JList<String> list = new JList<>(choices);
list.setSelectionMode(ListSelectionModel.SINGLE_SELECTION);
// Add to panel
panel.add(comboBox);
panel.add(new JScrollPane(list));
Swing provides a comprehensive set of components for building rich and interactive GUIs. By combining these components and managing their events, you can create sophisticated desktop applications. The example above demonstrates how to get started with some of the basic components. From here, you can explore more advanced features and components in the Swing library to enhance your applications.
